1. Scope of application of steel structure
- Steel structures are usually used for structures with high-rise buildings, long spans, complex shapes, large loads or crane lifting capacity, large vibrations, high-temperature workshops, high sealing requirements, mobility or frequent assembly and disassembly.
- Intuitively speaking: high-rise buildings, steel structure sports centre, opera houses, bridges, TV towers, steel structure storage warehouse and temporary buildings, etc.
- This is consistent with the characteristics of the steel structure itself.
2. Selection of steel structure
Conceptual Design
Light Steel Industrial Workshop
Large Span Steel Structure
High-rise Steel Structure
- Conceptual Design
In the entire process of steel structure design, "conceptual design" should be emphasized, which is especially important in the structure selection and layout stage. For some issues that are difficult to make rational analysis or are not specified in the specifications, they can be determined from an overall perspective based on the design ideas obtained from the mechanical relationships, mechanisms, earthquake damage, test phenomena and engineering experience between the overall structural system and sub-systems. Control structure layout and detailed measures. Conceptual design can be used to conceive, compare and select quickly and effectively at an early stage.
The resulting structural scheme is often easy to calculate by hand, has clear concepts, is qualitatively correct, and can avoid unnecessary cumbersome operations in the structural analysis stage. At the same time, it is also the main basis for judging whether the computer's internal force analysis output data is reliable or not.
Steel structures usually have structural types such as frame, light steel, plane (wooden row) frame, grid (shell), cable membrane, etc. Most of its theories and techniques are mature.
- Light Steel Industrial Workshop
When selecting structures, their different characteristics should be considered. In light steel industrial workshop, when there are large suspended loads or moving loads, you can consider abandoning the portal frame and using a grid frame. In areas where the basic snow pressure is high, the roof curve should be conducive to snow sliding (snow load needs to be considered within 50 degrees of the tangent), such as using a three-center circular lattice shell. Nearly half of the total snow load was released. Similar considerations apply to areas with heavy rainfall. When the building permits, it is more economical to arrange supports in the frame than a simple frame with rigid joints.
- Large Span Steel Structure
For buildings with large span steel structure, you can choose a suspension or cable-membrane structure system with tension-based components.
- High-rise Steel Structure
In the design of high-rise steel structure, steel-concrete composite structures are often used. In high-rise buildings with high intensity or irregularities, the core tube plus outer frame form, which is unfavorable for earthquake resistance, should not be chosen purely for economic reasons. It is advisable to choose a structural system with giant SRC columns on the periphery and a supporting frame as the core.
